Free · Grade 4 to Grade 5 · Answer keys
Multi-digit multiplication worksheets
Multi-digit multiplication worksheets from 2-digit by 1-digit to 3-digit by 3-digit, set out in columns, plus area-model pages that split each factor by place value. Every sheet has an answer key; the 2-digit-by-2-digit and larger keys show the partial products.
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- Multiplication: 2-digit by 1-digit
20 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems set out in columns. Free printable with an answer key.
- Multiplication: 3-digit by 1-digit
20 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems set out in columns. Free printable with an answer key.
- Multiplication: 4-digit by 1-digit
20 4-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems set out in columns. Free printable with an answer key.
- Multiplication: 2-digit by 2-digit
12 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication problems set out in columns with room for the partial products. Free printable with a worked answer key.
- Area model multiplication: 2-digit by 1-digit
8 2-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems with the area model drawn: split by place value, fill in each part, then add. Free PDF with an answer key.
- Area model multiplication: 3-digit by 1-digit
8 3-digit by 1-digit multiplication problems with the area model drawn: split by place value, fill in each part, then add. Free PDF with an answer key.
- Area model multiplication: 2-digit by 2-digit
6 2-digit by 2-digit multiplication problems with the area model drawn: split by place value, fill in each part, then add. Free PDF with an answer key.
- Multi-digit multiplication word problems
8 word problems multiplying 2-, 3- and 4-digit numbers by one digit. Free printable with an answer key.
Grade 5
- Multiplication: 3-digit by 2-digit
12 3-digit by 2-digit multiplication problems set out in columns with room for the partial products. Free printable with a worked answer key.
- Multiplication: 4-digit by 2-digit
9 4-digit by 2-digit multiplication problems set out in columns with room for the partial products. Free printable with a worked answer key.
- Multiplication: 3-digit by 3-digit
9 3-digit by 3-digit multiplication problems set out in columns with room for the partial products. Free printable with a worked answer key.
How to teach it
- Multiply the top number by the ones digit of the bottom number.
- Multiply the top number by the tens digit. Write a zero in the ones place first, because you are multiplying by tens.
- Add the partial products.
- Estimate first: 38 × 21 is about 40 × 20 = 800, so an answer of 7,980 needs another look.
Questions teachers ask
- What grade learns multi-digit multiplication?
- In the Common Core, multiplying up to 4 digits by 1 digit, and 2 digits by 2 digits, is Grade 4 (4.NBT.B.5). Fluency with the standard method is Grade 5 (5.NBT.B.5).
- What is the area model for multiplication?
- A rectangle split by place value. For 34 × 6, one part is 30 × 6 = 180 and the other is 4 × 6 = 24; together they make 204. It shows why the standard method works.
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